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What is friction and its types?

‘Friction‘ is a force that resists motion of sliding or rolling of one object moving relative to another. It is a result of the electromagnetic attraction between the charged particles of two touching surfaces.   Types of Friction Static Friction : It is defined as the frictional force that acts between the surfaces when they are at rest with respect to each other. The magnitude of the static force is equal in the opposite direction when a small amount of force is applied. When the force increases, at some point maximum static friction is reached. Rolling friction : It is the force that resists motion when an object rolls on a surface. Technically it’s not friction; its ‘rolling resistance’ since when a body rolls perfectly upon a surface, on paper, there is no sliding friction between that object and surface. Sliding friction : It is the frictional force between two surfaces that are rubbing against each other. It’s a very easy and common concept. It’s hard to find a perfectl...
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Heat and types of transmission of Heat

  Heat energy is called Heat. When an object is very hot, it generally possesses a lot of heat energy; similarly, when the object is cold, it has less heat energy.  Transmission of Heat The heat can be transferred from one place to another in different ways- Conduction Conduction mostly happens in a solid-state. All liquids (except mercury) and gases are poor conductors of heat. When a solid heat up, its molecules gain kinetic energy and increase the energy with which they vibrate. Conduction occurs when heat energy travels through a body, passing from one particle to another particle as they vibrate against each other. A good conductor must have particles that are close enough together to collide with sufficient force for energy to be transferred from one place to another. Convection Convection is the way in which heat flows through liquids and gases. Take a vessel of cold liquid soup on your stove and put it on the stove. The soup in the bottom of the pan, closest to the hea...
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Newton’s laws

  Born in 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England, Sir Isaac Newton began developing his theories on light, calculus and celestial mechanics while on break from Cambridge University. Years of research culminated with the 1687 publication of “Principia,” a landmark work that established the universal laws of motion and gravity. Force :  The push or pull on an object with mass causes it to change its velocity. Force is an external agent capable of changing a body's state of rest or motion. It has a magnitude and a direction. (or Push or Pull on an object is called Force.) Newton’s first law: the law of inertia Newton’s first law states that if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it is acted upon by a force. The law of inertia was first formulated by Galileo Galilei for horizontal motion on Earth and was later generalized by René Descartes. Although the principle of iner...
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Newton’s Second Law of Motion

Sir Issac newton Born in 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England, Sir Isaac Newton began developing his theories on light, calculus and celestial mechanics while on break from Cambridge University. Years of research culminated with the 1687 publication of “Principia,” a landmark work that established the universal laws of motion and gravity. What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion? Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration. Newton’s second law states that the acceleration of an object depends upon two variables. The net force acting on the object and the mass of the object.   The acceleration of the body is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.  This means that as the force acting upon an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is increased. then we can also that the mass of an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is decre...
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What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. Although, it may be transformed from one form to another. If you take all forms of energy into account, the total energy of an isolated system always remains constant. All the forms of energy follow the law of conservation of energy.
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What is momentum?

Momentum of a body is defined as the product of its mass and the velocity.  it has both magnitude and direction. Momentum(P) = mv where, m = mass, v = velocity  
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What is Pressure?

  The amount of force exerted (thrust) on a surface per unit area is defined as ‘Pressure’. It can also be defined as the ratio of the force to the area. Formula and Unit of Pressure Pressure (P) = Thrust/ Area The SI unit is ‘Pascals (Pa)’ 1 Pa = 1 Newton per square m or 1N/m^2 Note : Thrust is the force acting normally on a surface. Its SI unit is Newton (N).  Types of Pressure Atmospheric Pressure Absolute Pressure Differential Pressure Gauge Pressure
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Why is the Earth called Blue Planet?

“The Earth has almost 70% water on its surface due to which it looks blue in color”. or “ More than 71% of the earth is covered with water. Hence, its is known as the blue planet ”. Why Earth looks blue from space? The Earth has extremely hot red heat under its crust and the top outer surface is covered with water. The Earth’s surface has many oceans and seas starting from the Arctic Ocean to the Southern Ocean. These oceans & seas cover almost 70% of Earth’s surface and the remaining 30% is covered with land. It means that almost 70% of Earth’s surface appears blue from outer space & the leftover 30% looks greenish-brownish. This is the reason why Earth looks blue from outer space.  
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